Minimal dimension linear filters for stationary Markov processes with finite state space

Abstract
We consider a filtering problem for a continuous-time Markov process with k states, observed in white Gaussian noise. It is known that in this situation the best linear state estimator is given by a k-dimensional Kalman filter and that in some cases the dimension of such filter can be reduced. Here, using results from stochastic realization theory, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the minimality of the dimension of the Kalman filter

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