Atrial natriuretic peptide attenuates pressor but enhances natriuretic responses to angiotensin II in pregnant conscious goats

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Abstract
This study was designed to examine the actions of ANP in acute, ANGII‐mediated hypertension during pregnancy. Effects on blood pressure, blood volume, and renal Na and K excretion were evaluated in conscious goats (n= 6). ANP (2 μrg min‐1), ANGII (0.5 μg min‐1), or ANGII + ANP (doses the same as for each peptide alone) was infused intravenously for 60 min. The pressor response to ANGII was reduced in pregnant goats. This reduction was seen in systolic, but not in diastolic pressure. ANP decreased pressure by 5–10 mmHg both in pregnancy and in non‐pregnancy. When ANGII + ANP was infused, blood pressure initially rose as with ANGII but then declined. ANP suppressed only the elevated systolic pressure. Plasma protein concentration and haematocrit was reduced by ANGII but increased by ANP alone or together with ANGII, thereby implying fluid shift into the vasculature by ANGII and opposite movement by ANP. ANGII increased renal Na excretion to 1500 μmol min‐1in non‐pregnancy, but only to half of that in pregnancy. ANP alone caused small natriuresis, but enhanced ANGII‐induced natriuresis to near 3000 μmol min‐1in both non‐pregnant and pregnant goats. In summary, ANP further attenuated the blunted blood‐pressure rise due to ANGII in pregnant goats, and reduced plasma volume, but enhanced renal Na excretion as in non‐pregnant goats. This implies that with the present combination ANP and ANGII caused a near maximal natriuretic response that was not modified by the systemic cardiovascular changes occurring in pregnant goats.