Assessment of sodium‐selective ion‐selective electrodes based on methyl ketone derivative of p‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene

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Abstract
The performance of a newly synthesized tetramethyl ketone calyx [4]arene ionophore in ion‐selective electrodes has been investigated. Optimization of the plasticized polyvinyl chloride membrane composition has produced electrodes that exhibit a Nernstian response for sodium ions. The best general characteristics exhibited by the electrodes were found when the ionophore mixed with 2‐nitrophenyl octyl ether as plasticizing agent, and potassium tetrakis (p‐chlorophenyl) rate as ion exchanger. Selectivity studies carried out with the electrode have shown excellent discrimination for sodium against potassium and lithium ions. In addition, the electrode displays a rapid response time, a detection limit be low 10−6 M for sodium, and a working life of at least 4 months. Determinations of sodium in plasma patient samples have been performed and the results obtained compared to those from flame photometry and two commercial clinical analyzers.