Reproductive outcomes after in-vitro fertilization

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Abstract
This paper reviews the effect of in-vitro fertilization on maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancy. Few randomized, controlled trials have been published in this area due to inherent difficulties in studying this population of infertile women who require in-vitro fertilization. Systematic review of the literature identified published studies that consistently highlighted the higher incidence of maternal and perinatal morbidity associated with pregnancies following in-vitro fertilization. Some prospective observational studies compare maternal and perinatal outcomes in in-vitro fertilization pregnancies. Larger studies show that adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, placental abruption, placenta praevia, and preterm delivery increase significantly with in-vitro fertilization. Perinatal adverse outcomes such as prematurity and those related to plurality of the pregnancy also increase. All patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization should have careful counselling regarding these increased risks prior to treatment.

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