Juniper Extract and Deficient Aeration Effects on Germination of Six Range Species

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Abstract
Juniper suppresses understory vegetation on large areas having heavy clay soils. Revegetation with species and varieties resistant to phytotoxins and poor aeration might give the greatest success on these areas. An aqueous foliage extract of Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little) significantly decreased germination of Capitan blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis (HBK) Lag. ex Steud.), Nordan crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult.), and sideoats grama (B. curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.). Weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees) and Luna pubescent wheatgrass (A. trichophorum (Link) Richt.) were slightly sensitive. Fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.) appeared stimulated. The juniper extract favored heavy fungus growth. At atmosphere containing 75% CO2 and 5% O2 depressed germination of fourwing saltbush to 9.25% and blue grama to 0.74% of the control. None of the other 4 species germinated. Fungus growth also was completely suppressed.

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