Plasma Neutrophil-Activating Peptide-1/lnterleukin-8 and Neutrophil Elastase in a Primate Bacteremia Model

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Abstract
A hyperdynamic sepsis model was set up in seven adult baboons to evaluate neutrophil-activating peptide-1/interieukin (IL)-8 (NAP-l/IL-8), IL-1ß, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), and IFN-γin plasma. By continuous intravenous administration of 1010 cfu/kg live Escherichia coli over 8 h with additional infusion therapy (<50 ml/kg/h), endotoxin plasma levels of 2.7–22.3 ng/ml were observed. In plasma the kinetics of NAP-1/IL-8 and IL-6 were similar to those of IL-1 at the end of the experiment (8 h) (peak median values, 34, 4197, and 230 ng/ml, respectively). Differences were greatest for IL-6. Monocyte activation during sepsis was confirmed by elevated plasma neopterin levels (91–139 µmol/mmol of creatinine). Granulocyte activation was evident from both incipient neutropenia and the massive release of neutrophil elastase into the plasma as measured by a new immunoassay (peak level, 374 ng/ml). Thus, in primate bacteremia, early TNF release is followed by a concomitant increase of NAP-1/IL-8 with plasma kinetics similar to those of IL-6 and IL-1 and accompanied by massive activation of neutrophils.

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