Preparation of fine-grained monoclinic zirconia ceramics by colloidal processing

Abstract
Fine-grained monoclinic zirconia ceramic was made from well-dispersed zirconia sol prepared by the hydrolysis of zirconium chloride oxide octahydrate. Dechlorinated and concentrated zirconia sol was consolidated by pressure filtration. The relative green density of the compact was improved by the following cold isostatic pressing treatment at 400 MPa. The compact was densified by pressureless sintering to >98% of theoretical density in air at 1100 °C, which is lower than that of monoclinic to tetragonal transformation of pure zirconia. The average grain size of the sintered monoclinic zirconia ceramics was 92 nm.

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