Abstract
We investigate the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) discovered by White and show that in the case where the renormalization eventually converges to a fixed point the DMRG ground state can be simply written as a matrix-product form. This ground state can also be rederived through a simple variational ansatz making no reference to the DMRG construction. We also show how to construct the matrix-product states and how to calculate their properties, including the excitation spectrum. This paper provides details of many results announced earlier.
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