Redundant work and friction in the hydrostatic extrusion of pure aluminium and an aluminium alloy

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Abstract
A study is carried out of the mechanics of the process of hydrostatic extrusion, i.e. the extrusion of a billet through conical dies using a high-pressure liquid instead of a mechanical ram. Upper-bound solutions are obtained for the redundant work and friction which together with the work for homogeneous deformation lead to an expression for the extrusion pressure in terms of the stress-strain characteristics of the material. Good agreement is obtained with the experimental results for the pressure to extrude 99·5 per cent aluminium and an aluminium alloy as a function of extrusion ratio and of angle of die. Predictions of the properties of the extruded aluminium products are also in good agreement with experiment.

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