Sampling of cariogenic microorganisms in human populations

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Abstract
The sampling of cariogenic microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans is performed in etiologic studies of dental caries, in obtaining estimates of microbial prevalence in human populations and in monitoring the results of various dental and antimicrobial therapies. Although the selection of a sampling methodology is primarily dependent upon the specific objectives of the study, considerations pertaining to validity, sensitivity, and reliability are also important. A general knowledge of the ecology and primary oral reservoirs of infection of the cariogenic bacteria is essential in the sampling of dental plaque as well as saliva and each sampling method is associated with certain strengths as well as weaknesses and limitations. A proposal is made for a simple universal oral sampling method, based on a 15–sccond saline rinse, which gives results which correlate strongly with total plaque load levels of 5. mutans as well as salivary S. mutans levels.