Bending Creep of Ice Single Crystals

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Abstract
Experiments of bending creep of ice single crystals were carried out in comparatively wide ranges of applied stress and temperature. Test specimens cut from large glacial single crystals were so prepared that the basal glide took place along the long axis of ice bar by the three point bending. The shape of creep curves obtained is characterized by a gradual increase in the slope followed by a constant slope. This shape is very similar to that of Ge, InSb etc., except that ice has no later decrease in the slope due to work hardening. Stress and temperature dependences of both the stationary creep rate \dotε s and the incubation time t i are expressed by \dotε_s=K_1τ^mexp (-Q/RT) \intertextand t_i^-1=K_2τ^mexp (-Q/RT) where m=1.58 and Q=15.8 Kcal/mole for both equations. Based on the similarity of creep curves and results of later experiments on plastic yielding, it is concluded that Johnston's theory of plastic deformation of crystals can be applied to the basal glide in ice single crystals.

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