Measurements and modeling of the output polarization of Er-doped fiber lasers

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Abstract
We report a new theoretical study of the effects of anisotropic erbium dipoles on the polarization of Er-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs), as well as measurements of the polarization of EDFLs made of a polarization-maintaining fiber. Convenient closed-form expressions are presented for the gain of a signal polarized either parallel or perpendicular to the pump. These results are used to interpret the polarization behavior of our EDFLs, stressing the effects of pump orientation, fiber length, and cavity Q. We identify in particular operating conditions that produce a fiber laser with either a linearly polarized output or equal power in both polarizations.

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