Water-Soluble Copolymers. XX. Copolymers of Acrylamide with Sodium 3-(N-Propyl)Acrylamido-3-Methylbutanoate: Solution Properties

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Abstract
Dilute solution properties of copolymers of acrylamide (AM) with sodium 3-(N-propyl)acrylamido-3-methylbutanoate (NaPAMB) of known molecular weight have been studied as a function of composition, temperature, time, pH, and added electrolytes. Phase separation and potentiometric studies have also been performed. The AM-NaPAMB copolymers possess lower molecular weights and solution viscosities than the AM-NaAMB copolymers. In addition, the AM-NaPAMB polymers exhibit moderate viscosity-temperature coefficients and poor salt tolerance. These polymers undergo phase separation in the presence of divalent cations as a function of temperature. The observed properties can be related to the steric and hydrophobic effects caused by the presence of the n-propyl substituent at the amide nitrogen.