DEVELOPMENT OF AN ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY

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Abstract
USING heparin as an anticoagulant, attempts were made to clear the blood stream of toxic substances by transplantation of a kidney from one animal to another and from one species to another. This work was done in 1933, 1934 and 1935, with moderate success.1 The objective in this present investigation was to prevent a patient's dying of acute toxemia in such conditions as acute poisoning by mercury and phenol, in toxemia of acute infection, such as nephritis or pneumonia, with oliguria or anuria, as well as in acute anuria following blood transfusions, administration of excessive sulfonamide drugs, eclampsia and toxemia of pregnancy, severe cutaneous burns, induced abortions and acute injury to ureters and kidneys from calculous obstructions, reflex or otherwise, or operation. It seemed possible that if the patient could be protected from death from toxemia in such conditions, after a time there would be sufficient recovery in a

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