Some aspects of the chemistry of coal tars. II. General characteristics and chemical composition of down‐jet tars

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Abstract
The features of the process of down‐jet combustion of coal bearing on the quality of the tar produced are considered. The physical properties of the tar from a high‐volatile, weakly caking coal (Haunchwood peas) and examination of the fractions obtained by distillation show it to be of low‐temperature type. The fraction obtained between 370° and about 400° was a resinous organo‐gel containing high‐boiling phenols, neutral substances and bases. The main chemical classes of compounds were separated from this tar by solvent extraction, and the fractions obtained were further subdivided with organic solvents for comparison with other tars and to obtain sufficiently simple materials for more detailed examination later. Analyses, yields and descriptions of the fractions obtained are given. Similar solvent‐extraction of a down‐jet tar from a low‐oxygen (high‐rank) coal showed that differences and similarities in the coal structures were reflected in the composition of the tars. Further evidence of the primary nature of down‐jet tars was thus obtained.

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