THE EFFECT OF HYPOPHYSECTOMY ON ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE OF DOGS WITH EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION

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Abstract
Hypertension of the order of 240/160 mm. Hg was produced in dogs by constricting the renal arteries of dogs by means of Goldblatt''s clamp. It was maintained for several mos. Hypophysectomy in these animals reduced the arterial pressure to levels slightly above normal (150/-100 mm.) or below normal (90/40 mm.) within a period of 20 days. Hypophysectomy in normal dogs reduced the arterial pressure only slightly (from about 140/70 to 116/50 mm.). Increasing the constriction of the renal arteries after hypophysectomy again produced a rise in blood pressure, but this tended to be less marked and transient, especially in the dogs which became sluggish and fat and exhibited reduced basal metabolism and often diabetes insipidus. The rise was better maintained in dogs which were thin and active and with normal or elevated basal metabolism. After hypertension had been reduced by hypophysectomy, feeding thyroid (0.8 g.) raised the blood pressure moderately (190/120 mm. Hg), and inj. of theelin (1 cc. daily) or antuitrin S (1 cc. daily) had no effect. The effect of hypophysectomy on hypertensive dogs was probably indirect. The responsiveness of the blood vessels to chemical stimuli from the kidneys with constricted renal arteries was reduced. This might be due to lack of the secretions of the adrenal and thyroid glands. Deficiency of these secretions might in turn be due to withdrawal by hypophysectomy of the chemical stimuli normally afforded them by the hypophysis.

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