Two of the most important principles for the implementation of successful human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention programs are the following: (a) planning for the programs must be done in conjunction with members of affected communities; and (b) the foundation of the programs should consist of solid behavioral, social, and epidemiological science. In 1994, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and its prevention partners formally implemented HIV prevention community planning in order to address these two key factors. The occasion of the one year anniversary of HIV prevention community planning is marked by taking stock of progress-to-date from a national perspective. This article reviews year one accomplishments and difficulties, and describes the trajectory of HIV prevention community planning for year two and beyond.