Clinical and Materials Sciences

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Abstract
evices were used for gingival retraction prior to impression-taking procedures. The effects of these retraction methods upon blood pressure and loss of gingival tissue height were evaluated on three Rhesus monkeys. Chamfer finishing lines were prepared on all of the teeth and penetrating into the gingival sulcus. All the retraction devices were used to produce the desired amount of retraction which would allow an acceptable impression. Contralateral teeth, on which a chamfer was cut but no retraction performed were used as control teeth. The only retraction device which had no effect on blood pressure and caused no tissue loss was the nonepinephrine retraction cord. The 8% r-epinephrine string and the two electrosurgical devices caused elevated blood pressures. With the 8% r-epinephrine retraction cord, no tissue loss was observed and complete healing occurred within nine days. Both electrosurgical devices caused tissue loss. The fully rectified current device caused a slight loss in gingival tissue height, while the spark gap generator caused a marked amount of tissue height to be lost. The Hyfrecator should not be used for gingival retraction because of the tissue damage that results. It appears that the safest retraction device is the retraction cord, when used properly. Further research is recommended to establish the possible systemic effects of the electrosurgical techniques.