A new method is given to stain bacterial cell walls, especially of Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. The cells are smeared in water on a slide and, as soon as air-dry, are stained 3-4 minutes with a 1 % aqueous solution of new fuchsin. The smear is washed with water until the stain ceases to run and is then allowed to air dry. The slide is placed on a 50°C. warm plate for 10–20 seconds, and the smear is then covered with a thin film of a 1–2% solution of Congo red at a pH of about 9.5. The smear is ready for observation as soon as dry or it may be washed with water if desired before observation.