Stability and bifurcation of a rotating planar liquid drop

Abstract
The stability and symmetry breaking bifurcation of a planar liquid drop is studied using the energy‐Casimir method and singularity theory. It is shown that a rigidly rotating circular drop of radius r with surface tension coefficient τ and angular velocity Ω/2 is stable if (Ω/2)2 r3. A new branch of stable rigidly rotating relative equilibria invariant under rotation through π and reflection across two axes bifurcates from the branch of circular solutions when (Ω/2)2=3τ/r3.

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