Abstract
Advances in human-computer interaction have stimulated the development of cognitive ergonomics to model interaction between two different information processing systems. However, predicting human-computer systems performance also involves task, user, and environmental factors. This paper reviews developments relating to all of these factors at the individual human-computer interaction level, and at the socio-technical systems level. Thereafter it examines the problems of improving human-computer interaction in practice, and the need to embed human considerations in all forms and at all stages of computer systems design processes.