Radiology in Stereotaxic Cerebral Surgery

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Abstract
Many so-called stereotaxic instruments have been devised over the past few years. Most of them have been designed for the treatment of Parkinsonism and Dyskinesias. The instruments range in form from the very simplest which allows of a more or less free hand operation, to the very elaborate which may require several hours work before the stage of electrode placement is reached. Most of the latter undoubtedly permit of accurate placing of the electrode or other instrument at a desired point within the cranial cavity but in many cases at the cost of a long and complicated procedure. Our aim has been to maintain the necessary accuracy with the simplest possible reliable procedure. The apparatus used was originated by Guiot of Paris and has been considerably modified by Gillingham. The operative and radiological techniques have been gradually evolved and improved over a period of three years and it is felt that they have now reached a definitive stage. The work described in this paper has been carried out jointly by a team consisting of a neurosurgeon, a neurologist, a medical psychologist, and a radiologist. Only the operative and radiological techniques are described here. The neurological and psychological assessment of the cases and full elaboration of the results are described elsewhere. The majority of cases treated have suffered from Parkinsonism but a similar technique has been applied to the treatment of other dyskinesias, intractable pain and for prefrontal leucotomy.

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