Characterization of advanced composite materials for structural design

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Abstract
Our preliminary characterization of advanced composite materials has been conducted simultaneously with the development of large‐scale primary and secondary aircraft structures. We have demonstrated significant advantages over metal structure on a one‐to‐one basis. Our efficiency levels gained to date demonstrate that we have extracted about fifty percent of the maximum potential advantage. Recovery of the remaining efficiency will result from understanding material characteristics and development of advanced design concepts. We will develop and demonstrate a summary format for viewing the structural response of monolithic metals and polymers and then document the observed responses of advanced composites within the format. Our data show that the addition of high‐modulus fibers into a polymeric matrix produces a physically distinct material with substantial advantage over unreinforced polymers. The unique properties of composite materials yield a significant advantage in physical properties and in design. Full advantage of material orientation has yet to be developed in a practical design but through examples we can illustrate the potential. We develop two examples: (1) stress concentration control through buffer stripping and (2) fracture control through buffer stripping. The impact of composite material characteristics as aircraft materials and design methods is also reviewed.

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