Comorbidity between Disruptive Disorders and Depression in Referred Adolescents

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Abstract
Parent questionnaires from large Australian (N=2093) and American (N=500) clinic cohorts of adolescents were used to diagnose depression, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, and oppositional and conduct disorders. Co-occurrence of diagnoses was very high. Comorbidity between depression and conduct disorder was not higher than that expected for any psychiatric disorder (odds ratios =1.20 and 1.45 respectively for each cohort) while comorbidity between attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity and oppositional disorder was higher than expected (odds ratios =7.03 and 9.02) but comparable to that between conduct and oppositional disorder (odds ratios =7.35 and 6.14). Co-occurrence of depression with other disorders did not increase the likelihood of comorbid conduct disorder.