Identification of Antagonists for Biological Control of the Post‐Harvest Pathogens Pezicula malicorticis and Nectria galligena on Apples
- 1 March 1992
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Phytopathology
- Vol. 134 (3) , 229-237
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1992.tb01231.x
Abstract
More than 700 isolates of microorganisms occurring naturally on apple trees and fruits during the growing season and on stored fruits were collected. The isolates were screened in vitro and in vivo for antagonistic activity against the post‐harvest pathogens Pezicula malicorticis Qacks.) Nannf. and Nectria galligena Bres. In agar cultures, 50 of these microorganisms were found to be antagonistic against one or both of the pathogens. On apple fruits, inoculated with the pathogens, four bacterial and three fungal isolates were able to reduce lesion development at 20 °C. At 4 °C, however, these isolates had little effect on lesion growth. Only culture filtrates from the fungal isolate 725 reduced lesion growth of both pathogens at 20 °C and of Pezicula malicorticis at 4 °C.Zusammenfassung: Identifizierung von Antagonisten zur biologischen Kontrolle der Lagerfäujniserreger Pezicula malicorticis (Jacks.) Nannf. und Nectria galligena Bres. auf Äpfeln Über 700 natürlich vorkommende Mikroorganismen wurden während der Vegeutionsperiode von Apfelbäumen und Früchten und im Winter von gelagerten Äpfeln isoliert. Die Isolate wurden in vitro und in vivo auf antagonistische Aktivität gegenüber den Lagerfäulniserregern Pezicula malicorticis (Jacks.) Nannf. und Nectria galligena Bres. untersucht. 50 dieser Mikroorganismen waxen in Petrischalen‐Tests antagonistisch gegenüber einem der Pathogene oder gegenüber beiden. Auf Äpfeln reduzierten vier Bakterienisolate und drei Pilzisolate die Faulstellenentwicklung der Erreger bei 20°C. Der Einsatz der Isolate bei 4°C hatte jedoch keinen oder nur geringen Einfluß auf die Läsionsentwicklung. Nur das Kulturfiltrat des Pilzisolats 725 reduzierte die Fauistellenentwicklung beider Pathogene bei 20°C und die von Pezicula malicortkis auch bei 4°C.Keywords
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