Abstract
The paper discusses and evaluates the work of the Highlands and Islands Development Board in Scotland against the background of historical influences on the area's relative underdevelopment and the more recent influences including oil. The role, structure and activities of the Board are described and the impact of the Board's work is broadly assessed. Recent initiatives of the Board in respect of both agricultural and non-agricultural activities are discussed, particularly in relation to the strengthening of local structures. Finally some attention is paid to the relationships between peripheral rural areas and the centre in general, focussing on resource transfers and regional policy making.

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