Large and stable second harmonic generation in a crystalline phase of a ferroelectric liquid crystal

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Abstract
Second harmonic generation(SHG) has been studied in a nitro‐substituted ferroelectric liquid crystal cooled from the smectic‐C* into a three‐dimensional crystalline (K) phase in an applied electric field. The SHG efficiency in the K phase is found to be d eff≳4.5 pm/V, about 25 times the value in the SmC* phase, and, unlike the SmC* case, remains constant in zero field for ≳25 h. A quantitative analysis of the polarization dependence of the SHG reveals that the dominant d coefficients contributing to the measured signal differ for the two phases, and that the orientation of the liquid‐crystal director in the K phase is modulated in one dimension.

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