INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE MECHANISM OF DEXTRAN-INDUCED EDEMA IN RATS

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Abstract
In the rat, intravenous injection of minute amounts (7.9 mg/kg) of dextran induced edema formation of the same intensity as high doses (300–600 mg/kg). With the high doses, mast-cell disruption (histamine and serotonin release), vasodilatation, hypothermia, hypotension, hemoconcentration, and edema occurred. Since minute doses of dextran induced only vasodilatation and edema formation, this response is considered as the pure anaphylactoid reaction. The syndrome provoked by high doses is a consequence of conditions created by the physical presence of large quantities of dextran in the blood, rather than an integral part of the proper anaphylactoid sequence. Minute doses of dextran induced edema without mast-cell disruption, hypothermia, hypotension, or hemoconcentration, thus showing that the dextran response in the rat is mediated by factors other than histamine and serotonin of mast-cell origin.

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