Use of a Cooled Quartz Crystal Microbalance to Study the Molecular Flow and Condensation of CO2 in Vacuum

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Abstract
The molecular condensation rate and condensation characteristics of a collimated molecular beam of carbon dioxide were determined using a h.f. crystal microbalance. The CO2 molecules were condensed on a quartz vibrator cooled with liquid nitrogen. An analysis was made of the contributions to the total condensation rate of the preferred and randomized gas flows using different crystal positions and orientations. Molecular intensity distribution of the CO2 beam was measured with the quartz vibrator mounted on a probe which traversed the beam. The effect of different angles of beam incidence on the condensation rate was studied by rotating the quartz vibrator in a uniform part of the beam. The results showed deviations from the cosine law after initial condensation at non-normal incidence. The condensation followed the cosine law for thick deposits and this was attributed to incident molecules making several collisions in a porous layer.

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