Effects of Gibberellic Acid, Calcium, Kinetic, and Ethylene on Growth and Cell Wall Composition of Pea Epicotyls

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Abstract
The influence of gibberellic acid (GA), calcium, kinetin, and ethylene on growth and cell-wall composition of decapitated pea epicotyls (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) was investigated. Calcium, kinetin, and ethylene each caused an inhibition of GA-induced elongation of pea stems. Gibberellic acid did not reverse the induction of swelling by Ca2+, kinetin, or ethylene. Both Ca2+ and ethylene significantly inhibited the stimulatory effects of GA on the formation of residual wall material. Although GA promoted the development of walls relatively low in pectic substances and pectic uronic acid, Ca2+, kinetin, and ethylene favored the formation of walls rich in these constituents. Calcium, kinetin, and GA, alone or in combination, had no effect on the production of ethylene by pea epicotyls.