Investigations into the isomerisation of aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons

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Abstract
With the aid of our own measurements and values obtained from the literature, we tried to plot the position of equilibrium in the systems n‐butane ⇄ isobutane, n‐pentane ⇄ isopentane and methylcyclopentane ⇄ cyclohexane as a function of the temperature. The values found for the two last‐mentioned systems are in fair agreement with the values for ΔH0 and ΔS0, calculated on the basis of calorimetric measurements, but those for n‐butane ⇄ isobutane deviate considerably.Measurements of our own and literature data on the isomerisation equilibria of n‐butene, n‐pentene and cyclohexene have been considered in relation to the results for the alkane and cyclo‐alkane isomerisation.Furthermore results are reported of the isomerisation of hexane (at the equilibrium at 80° C chiefly methylpentane and to a less extent dimethyl‐butane were found to occur), methylcyclohexane (which at 80° C was isomerized only to a slight extent, chiefly 1,2‐ and 1,3‐dimethylcyclopentane being formed), and 1,1‐dimethylcyclohexane (at 80° C hardly any formation of five‐ring naphthenes, converted chiefly to 1,3‐, 1,4‐ and 1,2‐dimethylcyclohexane).

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