Medicament Release from Ointment Bases: IV. Piroxicam: In-vitro Release and In-Vivo Absorption in Rabbits

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Abstract
Several ointment bases containing 1% piroxicam were studied to determine the in-vitro release of the drug. The general rank order of the drug release was found to be: Modified hydrophilic ointment > hydrophilic ointment USP > water washable base > modified U.C.H. base > hydrophilic petrolatum > U.C.H. base. Furthermore, it was found that additives such as urea, ethanol and DMSO at 1%, 3% and 5% concentration levels had no significant effect in enhancing the release of piroxicam from the modified hydrophilic ointment base. The in-vitro release data were assessed by various kinetic principles in order to determine the relevant parameters such as diffusion, permeability and partition coefficients. The in-vitro absorption of 1% and 3% piroxicam in hydrophilic base was determined in rabbits. It was found that the addition of 5% DMSO increases the drug absorption. The statistical evaluation of the in-vivo release data was done using one-way ANOVA.