Inhibition of glucose uptake and glycogenolysis by availability of oleate in well-oxygenated perfused skeletal muscle

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Abstract
The effects of exogenous oleate on glucose uptake, lactate production and glycogen concentration in resting and contracting skeletal muscle were studied in the perfused rat hindquarter. In preliminary studies with aged erythrocytes at a Hb concentration of 8 g/100 ml in the perfusion medium, 1.8 mM oleate had no effect on glucose uptake or lactate production. O2 delivery was inadequate with aged erythrocytes. Perfusion with rejuvenated human erythrocytes at a Hb concentration of 12 g/100 ml resulted in a 2-fold higher O2 uptake at rest and a 4-fold higher O2 uptake during muscle contraction than was obtained with aged erythrocytes. Rejuvenated erythrocytes were therefore used in subsequent experiments. Glucose uptake and lactate production by the well-oxygenated hindquarter were inhibited by 1/3, both at rest and during muscle contraction, when 1.8 mM oleate was added to the perfusion medium. Addition of oleate also significantly protected against glycogen depletion in the fast-twitch red and slow-twitch red types of muscle, but not in white muscle, during sciatic nerve stimulation. In the absence of added oleate, glucose was confined to the extracellular space in resting muscle. Addition of oleate resulted in intracellular glucose accumulation in red muscle. Contractile activity resulted in accumulation of intracellular glucose in all 3 muscle types and this effect was significantly augmented in the red types of muscle by perfusion with oleate. The concentrations of citrate and glucose 6-phosphate were also increased in red muscle perfused with oleate. As in the heart, availability of fatty acid had an inhibitory effect on glucose uptake and glycogen utilization in well-oxygenated red skeletal muscle.

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