Reabsorption of Sodium Chloride — Lessons from the Chloride Channels

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Abstract
Under normal conditions, most of the sodium chloride filtered by the kidney (often more than 99 percent) is reabsorbed, and one can think of the tubular functions that permit this reabsorption as involving salt (solute) and water (solvent). When salt is lost, water goes along with it, and the various salt-losing tubulopathies are often very difficult to control. These conditions can be distinguished by their symptoms and biochemical characteristics, which has been helpful in their management.Hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies (called Bartter's syndromes) are a group of clinically and genetically distinct inherited renal disorders.1 In 1962, Bartter and colleagues detailed the . . .