Highly multiplexed genotyping of coronary artery disease-associated SNPs using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

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Abstract
Highly multiplexed genotyping methods are needed to support a comprehensive analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in coronary artery disease (CAD)‐related genes. In this study we evaluated chip‐based MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry for multiplexed genotyping of SNPs associated with CAD. Our analysis included 14 healthy Japanese individuals and 19 Japanese patients with myocardial infarction whose first attack occurred before age 50. We selected 29 candidate genes involved in 1) the renin‐angiotensin system, 2) lipid metabolism, 3) cytokines and adhesion molecules, 4) growth factors, and 5) the coagulation‐fibrinolysis system. Genotyping of candidate SNPs was performed by MALDI‐TOF MS using a MassARRAY system, and 4‐plex analysis was achieved at a maximum. All 39 SNPs determined by the fluorescent dye‐terminator cycle sequencing method from four randomly selected patients were found to be in complete agreement with the results obtained from MassARRAY system. Significant differences were observed in the –1965delG of PAI1 (SERPINE1) with respect to allelic frequency, the G>A in the promoter region SNP in SM22 (TAGLN) for dominant genotype, and in two other SNPs (C>T in intron 1 of HGF, and –1965delG of PAI1) for recessive genotype. Three SNPs (803T>C of AGT, 677CT of MTHFR, 190T>C of ADRB3) showed weak differences in allelic frequency. MALDI‐TOF‐MS provided high performance with a multiplex assay design for analysis of CAD‐related SNPs by increasing the throughput while maintaining a high level of accuracy.