Experiments on injection locking of active antenna elements for active phased arrays and spatial power combiners
- 1 July 1989
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
- Vol. 37 (7) , 1078-1084
- https://doi.org/10.1109/22.24551
Abstract
Two types of active antenna elements have been studied experimentally. One type uses a microstrip antenna with an active device mounted directly on the antenna. The other uses an active device coupled to a microstrip patch antenna through an aperture. Microstrip active antenna elements and two-element arrays have been demonstrated for both types of circuits. Injection locking of the antenna elements has been achieved through space and mutual coupling. The circuit Q factor was calculated based on the locking gain and the locking bandwidth. The power output from two elements has been successfully combined in free space with a combining efficiency of over 90%. For a single active antenna with a Gunn diode mounted directly on the patch, an electronic tuning range exceeding 9% has been achieved by varying the DC bias. The results should have many applications in low-cost active arrays, active transmitters, and spatial power combinersKeywords
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