Impurity dependence of the viscosity of liquid selenium

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Abstract
Viscosity measurements have been performed on pure and doped liquid selenium. The influence of Tl, I, Te, Sb and Ge impurities is discussed in terms of local bonding. Two main factors dominate the viscosity behaviour: the mean chain length and the free volume. Monovalent or divalent elements induce a decrease in chain length; trivalent or tetravalent impurities create some interchain bonding with a decrease in free volume. In the former case the viscosity decreases, while in the latter case it increases. The results are consistent with the charged-defect model, the chalcogen atoms being singly or threefold coordinated.

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