Wave processes in media with strong acoustic nonlinearity

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Abstract
A class of elastic media is considered in which, due to structural inhomogeneities, the parameter of acoustic nonlinearity Γ proves to be much larger than in ‘‘ordinary,’’ homogeneous solids. As an example, porous ‘‘rubberlike’’ media where the transversal wavevelocityc t is much less than the longitudinal one c l are shown to have a value of Γ of the order of (c l /c t )2 at the porosity as small as (c t /c l )2 for spherical and cylindrical pores. Experimental data confirm these predictions. Another model discussed here is a ‘‘bimodular’’ medium having different elastic moduli on compression and on stretch. Equations of longitudinal elastic waves and some of their solutions are obtained provided all ‘‘kinematic’’ nonlinear effects can be neglected in comparison with the structural nonlinearity. It is supposed that the class of strongly nonlinear solids can be wide enough and include rocks, metals and other microinhomogeneous materials.

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