Ascospore abortion in crosses of Cochliobolus heterostrophus heterozygous for the virulence locus Tox1

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Abstract
Crosses heterozygous for the virulence locus Tox1 show a high frequency of nonrandom ascospore abortion, in addition to a high frequency of random abortion seen in homozygous crosses. In crosses among closely related laboratory strains, the frequency of asci with eight mature, viable spores dropped from 35–47% of asci with mature spores in crosses homozygous for Tox1 to 3–17% in heterozygous crosses. Segregation for alternate alleles of Tox1 was 2:2 in 98% of asci with four viable spores. Patterns of abortion in crosses involving field isolates were similar to the patterns in crosses among laboratory strains. No recombinants between Tox1 and the abortion-inducing factor were detected among 112 progeny of laboratory strains. The results suggest that race T (TOX1) and race O (tox1) strains of C. heterostrophus differ by a chromosome rearrangement, possibly a reciprocal translocation, with a breakpoint at or near Tox1.Key words: fertility, T-toxin, Cochliobolus heterostrophus, Helminthosporium maydis, Bipolaris maydis, Drechslera maydis, chromosome rearrangement, reciprocal translocation.