Effect of an Oral Shiga Toxin–Binding Agent on Diarrhea-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in ChildrenA Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract
Diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in previously healthy children in the United States.1 Most cases are caused by an antecedent enteral infection with Shiga toxin–producing strains of Escherichia coli (STEC).1,2 Nearly 40% of patients require temporary dialysis, up to 20% develop serious extrarenal events, and the mortality rate is 3% to 5%.2,3