Effects of chicken anti-Eimeria tenella serum on the phagocytosis of sporozoites and merozoites by chicken peritoneal macrophages.

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Abstract
The effects of chicken anti-E. tenella serum on the in vitro phagocytosis of sporozoites and merozoites of E. tenella by chicken peritoneal macrophages were investigated. Phagocytic activity of macrophages was enhanced 30-120 min after inoculation of the parasites, when the 20% heat-inactivated immune serum was added to the medium. These effects were suppressed by addition of papain fragments of rabbit Ig[immunoglobulin] to chicken IgG into the medium. By treatment with fresh immune serum, the number of parasites ingested by macrophages did not increase during the observation period from 30-120 min after inoculation. Effects of various types of sera on the fate of sporozoites taken in macrophages were shown only in macrophages treated with fresh immune serum. In this group the number of sporozoites contained in macrophages 2 h after incubation was fewest compared with those of the other groups treated with heat-inactivated immune, heat-inactivated normal and fresh normal sera, and the reduction rate of parasites from 2-15 h after incubation was higher than those of the other groups. Reduction rates of the parasites in the groups treated with heat-inactivated immune serum and normal serum were similar. These phenomena may be due to the effects of cytolytic action with complement and antibodies, resulting in complete or partial lysis of the parasites within a short time period.

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