Photoconvulsive Responses Induced by Use of “Visual Stimulator”

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Abstract
The effects of the visual stimuli in provoking generalized photoconvulsive responses (PCR) were studied in 72 photosensitive humans with normal color sensation. Separate or combined stimulus consisting of a 15 Hz flicker, a red-light and dot and grating patterns with a constant brightness of 20 cd/m2 were used. The number of the cases in which each of the 11 kinds of visual stimuli provoked PCR was as follows: (1) flicker of white light, 9 (13%); (2) red-light, 0; (3) dot-pattern, 8 (11%); (4) grating-pattern, 16 (22%); (5) red-flicker, 65 (90%); (6) red-dot-pattern, 10 (14%); (7) red-grating-pattern, 10 (14%); (8) flickering-dot-pattern, 34 (47%); (9) flickering-grating-pattern, 36(50%); (10) red-flickering-dot-pattern, 31 (43%); and (11) red-flickering-grating-pattern, 37 (51%). Serial examinations in 29 cases were (1) 6 (21%), (2) 0, (3) 4 (14%), (4) 11 (38%), (5) 29 (100%), (6) 3 (10%), (7) 5 (17%), (8) 18 (62%), (9) 21 (72%), (10) 21 (72%) and (11) 19 (66%). Visual stimuli apparently have positive effects in provoking PCR in more than a single examination. In addition to the activation with pattern stimuli, those with red-flicker and flickering-patterns are apparently necessary for routine EEG examination.

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