An enzyme coimmobilized with a microorganism: The conversion of cellobiose to ethanol using β‐glucosidase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in calcium alginate gels

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Abstract
The efficiency of β‐glucosidase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in directly converting cellobiose to ethanol was studied for various combinations of the two catalytic species, both free and immobilized, in order to elucidate the advantages of using a coimmobilized system. The coimmobilized preparation was superior to a combination of separately immobilized biocatalysts. However, in this preparation, one‐half the enzyme activity was lost within a week when incubated at the operational temperature in the absence of substrate. In continuous experiments, an 80% conversion of cellobiose to ethanol was obtained using the coimmobilized preparation, compared to 40% using separately immobilized biocatalysts when applying a dilution rate of 0.1 h−1 in a packedbed reactor. The immobilized biocatalysts showed no decline in productivity during two weeks of continuous operation.