The Potency of Anti-Oxidants in Attenuating Superantigen-Induced Proinflammatory Cytokines Correlates with Inactivation of NF-κB

1 January 2008

journal article
research article
Published by Taylor & Francis in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology

Vol. 30 (1) , 163-179
https://doi.org/10.1080/08923970701692577

Abstract

Excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines mediates the toxic effects of superantigenic staphylococcal exotoxins (SE). We evaluated the potency of two anti-oxidants, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) in inhibiting the staphylococcal enterotoxin B and staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome-1-induced activation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Both NAC and PDTC dose-dependently inhibited SE-stimulated T-cell proliferation (by 98%), production of cytokines and chemokines by PBMC and expression of SE-induced cell surface activation markers. The potency of both NAC and PDTC corresponded to their ability to inhibit NF-κB activation. Our results suggest that anti-oxidants might be useful to mitigate the pathogenic effects of SE by blocking transcriptional signaling activated by superantigens.

Keywords

This publication has 25 references indexed in Scilit:

Effects of antioxidants and NO on TNF-α-induced adhesion molecule expression in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells
Respiratory Medicine, 2005
The Oxygen Radical Scavenger Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Enhances Interleukin-1β-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Cerebral Microvascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Microvascular Research, 2002
Endogenous Reactive Oxygen Species Is an Important Mediator of Miconazole Antifungal Effect
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2002
Antiviral Effects of Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate on Human Rhinoviruses
Journal of Virology, 2002
Toxic Shock Syndrome and Bacterial Superantigens: An Update
Annual Review of Microbiology, 2001
Inhibition of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-I-Induced Cytokine Production and T Cell Activation by Interleukin-IO, Interleukin-4, and Dexamethasone
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1995
Inhibition by N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine of interleukin‐6 mRNA induction and activation of NFκB by tumor necrosis factor α in a mouse fibroblastic cell line, Balb/3T3
FEBS Letters, 1994
Antioxidants inhibit monocyte adhesion by suppressing nuclear factor-kappa B mobilization and induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in endothelial cells stimulated to generate radicals.
Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis: A Journal of Vascular Biology, 1994
Function and Activation of NF-kappaB in the Immune System
Annual Review of Immunology, 1994
T cell-mediated lethal shock triggered in mice by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: critical role of tumor necrosis factor.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1992