Conditioned suppression as a method of detecting taste thresholds in the rat

Abstract
Taste thresholds of seven male Sprague—Dawley rats (mean age 10 weeks, mean weight 250 g) were determined for four basic taste qualities: sweet, sour, salty and bitter. The method of conditioned suppression was employed. An apparatus capable of presenting any one of eight separate drinking tubes during a testing session was designed. Animals were reduced to 80–85% ad lib. body weight. They were then trained to lick a sipper tube through a slot in the back of an experimental chamber for pellet reinforcements. Animals progressed through a series of reinforcement schedules starting with a fixed ratio (FR) schedule of five licks for each reinforcement. They advanced to a variable ratio (VR) schedule of reinforcement and finally a variable interval (VI) schedule with a mean of 17.5 s was used. While on the VI schedule animals were trained to suppress licking when any tastant other than water was presented. The first lick on any tastant was followed 10 s later by a mild electric shock if a rat made more than 20 licks on the tube in the 10-s period. Less than 20 licks on a tastant tube resulted in no shock and a 5-s time out before proceeding to the next tube. Threshold was determined using a suppression ratio formula. Threshold was defined as the 0.33 suppression ratio. Results from this experiment reveal mean thresholds for the seven animals as: sucrose = 2.3 mM, NaCl = 0.63 mM, quinine HCl = 0.005 mM and citric acid = 0.085 mM.