Abstract
Logarithmic dispersion relations are shown to be applicable to the determination of the phase of the structure factor of surface layers probed by neutron and x-ray reflectivity. For certain profiles it is shown that the phase Φ(q) of the structure factor F(q) is determined entirely by the observed reflectivity R(q) through the modified Hilbert transform Φ(q)=2qF0 ln[‖F(q’)‖/‖F(q)‖]/(q2-q2)dq’, where q is the momentum transfer, and F(q) is related to R(q) and the Fresnel reflectivity via R(q)=RF(q)‖F(q)2.

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