The influence of stimulus velocity on the responses of single neurones in the striate cortex.

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Abstract
Using a multi-histogram technique 47 response-velocity curves were prepared for a variety of visual stimuli presented to 21 cells in the striate cortex of the anesthetized, paralyzed cat. The character of each velocity-response curve varied according to the measurement used in assessing a response. Reasons were advanced for sampling the response over a single bin of short duration at the peak of the discharge in each average response histogram. The sharpness of tuning varied markedly throughout the population of cells, but it was not possible to establish any definitive class differences. For simple and complex cell categories there was considerable overlap in the range of effective stimulus velocities and the distribution of the optimal velocities. An observation not emphasized in the past was that some simple cells responded to very fast stimuli while a number of complex cells were driven by very slowly moving stimuli. Generally changes in stimulus parameters such as the polarity of contrast of a moving edge, its orientation or direction of movement produced only slight modifications in the profile of the velocity-response curve. The abolition of the response of simple cells that failed to be driven by rapidly moving stimuli was shown to be due to the entry of the stimulus into the inhibitory flank distal to the discharge region. When the movement of the stimulus was confined to the discharge region, there was little evidence of velocity dependence in the response. The duration over which the inhibition from the distal flank remained effective was evaluated for representative simple cells.