Effect of Freezing on the Concentration of Drugs of Abuse in Urine
- 1 October 1993
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Journal of Analytical Toxicology
- Vol. 17 (6) , 378-380
- https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/17.6.378
Abstract
Benzoylecgonine, 11-nor-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THC-acid), phencyclidine, codeine, morphine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide were dissolved in urine, stored frozen in plastic tubes at −16 to −18°C defrosted, transferred to other tubes, and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS); no significant loss of compound was observed, except for THC-acid, which showed an average loss of 11%, ranging from 0 to 34% of the total concentration. The loss is attributed to the decrease in solubility of the compound and to adherence to the side of the container during freezing.Keywords
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