An evaluation of the cell cycle‐associated monoclonal antibody Ki‐S1 as a prognostic factor in primary invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast

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Abstract
Immunohistochemical staining with the novel monoclonal antibody Ki‐S1, believed to recognize a cell cycle‐associated antigen, was investigated in 110 cases of invasive carcinoma of the breast. Immunoreactivity indices were compared with disease‐free interval (DFI), overall survival, and a series of other prognostic indicators. Significant positive correlations were found between the percentage of strongly positive immunoreactive nuclei and tumour size, histological grade and type, vascular invasion, and mitotic count. A significant negative correlation was found with age. No significant correlation was found with either DFI or overall survival. Although a correlation with mitotic count does imply that the Ki‐S1 antigen is cell cycle‐associated to some extent, Ki‐S1 does not appear to be a useful prognostic factor in human breast carcinoma.