The usefulness of cross-sectional Doppler flow imaging in the detection of small ventricular septal defects with left-to-right shunt

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Abstract
Small ventricular septal defects (VSDs) with left to right (L–R) shunt have been difficult to diagnose with conventional ultrasound techniques. Using the cross-sectional Doppler flow imaging system, additional information can be obtained. In a group of 60 patients with a clinical diagnosis ofVSD with L–R shunt, the new technique proved valuable, especially in detecting muscular and apical VSDs.